Guanidine hydrochloride CAS 50-01-1
Synonyms：guanidine,monohydrochloride;guanidinechloride;Guanidinemonohydrochloride;
guanidiniumhydrochloride;AMChemicalbookINOFORMAMIDINEHCL;
AMINOFORMAMIDINEHYDROCHLORIDE;AMINOMETHANAMIDINEHCL;
AMINOMETHANAMIDINEHYDROCHLORIDE
CAS No.: 50-01-1
Molecular Formula: CH 5 N 3 •HCl
Molecular Weight: 95.53
EINESC No.：200-002-3
Specification:
| Item | Specifications |
|---|---|
| Melting point | 180-185 °C(lit.) |
| density | 1.18 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| storage temp. | room temp |
| solubility | H2O: 6 M, clear, colorless |
| form | Crystals |
| color | White to slightly yellow |
| PH | 4.5-5.5 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Stability: | Stable. Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
General description
Guanidine hydrochloride, also known as guanidinium chloride, is a white‑to‑off‑white, odor‑free crystalline powder or granular solid. Its molecular formula is CH5N3.ClH, and the molecular weight is 95.53.
This compound is highly hygroscopic. It dissolves readily in water and ethanol, while nearly insoluble in acetone, benzene and ether. Its aqueous solution is nearly neutral. As a well‑known chaotropic reagent, it is widely applied in biochemistry for protein denaturation, protein refolding and RNA extraction. Industrially, it acts as a key organic intermediate used for manufacturing pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, dyes and various guanidine‑derived fine‑chemical products.
Application
Guanidine hydrochloride has been used:
- as a component of the extraction buffer for the extraction of proteoglycans
- in extraction during protein fractionation of ATDC5 cell lines
- as a chemical additive to study its effective absorbance spectra in structural analysis
- to incubate the device chip to release prostate-specific antigen and for regeneration of aptamer
- as a component of the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) solution for detecting protein carbonyls by protein carbonylation study
- in RNA isolation to dissociate nucleoproteins and inhibit RNase
Biochem/physiol Actions
Guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) is a small hydroscopic molecule. It plays a role in inhibiting heat shock protein 104 (Hsp104) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in vivo. It is a potent denaturant and inactivator of several enzymes and proteins. GuHCl can inactivate aminoacylase and papain. It is involved in unfolding and inactivation of alkaline phosphatase in Haliotis diversicolor. At higher concentrations, GuHCl is involved in virus inactivation such as Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1).
Features and Benefits
- Highly versatile surfactant for your cell biology and biochemical research
- Suitable for sensitive molecular biology applications
- Free from Exonuclease, Dnase and Rnase
- Tested to confirm low levels of heavy metal contamination, ensuring suitability for various applications
Preparation Note
The maximum solubility of guanidine hydrochloride in water at room temperature is approximately 6M.
Other Notes
Textile industry: Antistatic additive for synthetic fibers and acid‑dye fixing agent.
Water‑treatment: Bactericide and scale‑inhibitor additive for oilfield circulating water.
Dye‑making and general organic‑synthesis auxiliary reagent.
Package and Shipping:
25kgs/fiber drum
Storage:
Keep dry and cool place, seal package .
Disclaimer
May agglomerate upon storage. The quality of the product does not appear to be affected and solutions prepared from the free-flowing and lumpy guanidine hydrochloride appear identical.
Guanidine Hydrochloride
CAS No.: 50-01-1
Revision Date: 2026-09-11
Version: 1.0
Prepared in accordance with OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200), GHS (Globally Harmonized System)
SECTION 1: IDENTIFICATION
Product Name: Guanidine Hydrochloride
Synonyms: Guanidinium Chloride, Guanidine HCl
CAS Number: 50-01-1
Molecular Formula: CH₆ClN₃
Molecular Weight: 95.53
Recommended Use: Organic synthesis intermediate, biochemical denaturant, pharmaceutical intermediate, chemical auxiliary agent
Restrictions on Use: Not for food, drug, or direct human consumption.
Company: Shandong Zhongheng Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
SECTION 2: HAZARD(S) IDENTIFICATION
GHS Hazard Classification
Acute toxicity (oral): Category 4
Skin irritation: Category 2
Serious eye damage/eye irritation: Category 2A
Signal Word: WARNING
Hazard Statements
H302: Harmful if swallowed.
H315: Causes skin irritation.
H319: Causes serious eye irritation.
Precautionary Statements
Prevention
P264: Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P280: Wear protective gloves, eye protection.
P261: Avoid breathing dust.
Response
P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor if you feel unwell.
P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water.
P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse continuously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists, get medical advice.
Storage
P402+P404: Store in a dry, sealed container.
Disposal
P501: Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations.
SECTION 3: COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Substance: Guanidine Hydrochloride
CAS No.: 50-01-1
Concentration: ≥99.0%
Impurities: ≤1.0% (moisture, ammonium chloride, etc.)
SECTION 4: FIRST-AID MEASURES
Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. If breathing difficulty occurs, seek medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation persists, get medical help.
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with large amounts of running water for minimum 15 minutes. Seek medical care.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Call a physician immediately.
SECTION 5: FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, CO₂, foam, water spray.
Unsuitable Media: Do not use direct high-pressure water jet on molten material.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride, ammonia, nitrogen oxides (NOₓ).
Firefighter Instructions: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective suit.
SECTION 6: ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal Precautions: Wear dust mask, chemical-resistant gloves and safety goggles. Avoid dust generation.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from entering drains, sewers and surface water.
Methods for Cleanup:
Small spill: Sweep up and collect into sealed containers. Avoid dust clouds.
Large spill: Dike spilled material. Collect solids for proper disposal.
SECTION 7: HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling: Use local exhaust ventilation. Minimize dust formation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes. Keep away from strong oxidizers and strong bases.
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers. Keep in cool, dry place. This product is highly hygroscopic. Separate from strong bases, oxidizing agents and foodstuffs.
SECTION 8: EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
Exposure Limits: No established OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV for this substance.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation to control airborne dust.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Respiratory: Dust respirator when dust is present.
Skin: Chemical-resistant gloves, long-sleeve work clothing.
Eye: Chemical splash goggles.
SECTION 9: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Appearance: White crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless
pH: 4.5 – 6.0 (1 M aqueous solution)
Melting Point: 181 – 183 °C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: 1.354 g/cm³
Solubility: Highly soluble in water; soluble in methanol; slightly soluble in ethanol; insoluble in acetone, diethyl ether.
Stability: Stable under dry ambient conditions. Hygroscopic.
Polymerization: Will not occur.
SECTION 10: STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Stability: Stable when stored sealed and dry.
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.
Reaction Hazard: Reacts with strong bases to release free guanidine. Exothermic risk when mixed with strong oxidants.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, ammonia, nitrogen oxides upon heating.
SECTION 11: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Acute Oral Toxicity (Rat LD₅₀): 475 mg/kg
Skin Irritation: Irritating to skin.
Eye Irritation: Severe eye irritant.
Carcinogenicity, Mutagenicity, Reproductive Toxicity: No confirmed evidence from standard toxicology studies.
SECTION 12: ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms. Do not discharge into water bodies.
Biodegradability: Partially biodegradable.
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation.
SECTION 13: DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Waste Disposal: Recycle if possible. Otherwise, deliver waste to licensed hazardous waste handler.
Contaminated Packaging: Clean container before recycling or dispose following local waste regulations.
SECTION 14: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
Not classified as a dangerous good under UN transport regulations.
Proper Shipping Name: Guanidine Hydrochloride
Packaging: Sealed package, moisture-proof.
Transport Notes: Protect packages from breakage and moisture. Do not ship together with strong oxidants or strong bases.
SECTION 15: REGULATORY INFORMATION
US Regulations:
OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)
Not listed on US TSCA inventory exemptions; substance is on TSCA inventory.
Not subject to RCRA hazardous waste listing by default (waste classification depends on state rules).
State regulations may apply.
SECTION 16: OTHER INFORMATION
This SDS is prepared based on current available literature and standard chemical reference data. It describes safety requirements for handling the product. It is not a warranty of product properties. Users shall determine suitability for their own application and comply with applicable laws.
SAFETY DATA SHEETS
According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) – Sixth revised edition
Version: 1.0
Creation Date: Aug 11, 2017
Revision Date: Aug 11, 2017
1.Identification
1.1GHS Product identifier
| Product name | Guanidine hydrochloride |
|---|
1.2Other means of identification
| Product number | – |
|---|---|
| Other names | Aminoformamidine hydrochloride,Guanidinium chloride,Guanidium chloride |
1.3Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | For industry use only. Flame retardants,Plating agents and surface treating agents |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4Supplier’s details
| Company | |
|---|---|
| Address | |
| Telephone | |
| Fax |
1.5Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | – |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
2.Hazard identification
2.1Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity – Oral, Category 4
Skin irritation, Category 2
Eye irritation, Category 2
2.2GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |  |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) | H302 Harmful if swallowed
H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling.
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. |
| Response | P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026if you feel unwell.
P330 Rinse mouth. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/… P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. |
| Storage | none |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to … |
2.3Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients
3.1Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guanidine hydrochloride | Guanidine hydrochloride | 50-01-1 | none | 100% |
4.First-aid measures
4.1Description of necessary first-aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest.
In case of skin contact
Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.
In case of eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
If swallowed
Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!).
4.2Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
no data available
4.3Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
no data available
5.Fire-fighting measures
5.1Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Use foam, powder.
5.2Specific hazards arising from the chemical
no data available
5.3Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures
6.1Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2Environmental precautions
Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Wash away remainder with plenty of water. Personal protection: P2 filter respirator for harmful particles.
6.3Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Pick up and arrange disposal. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
7.Handling and storage
7.1Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Well closed. Dry.
8.Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
no data available
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove’s outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protection
Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazards
no data available
9.Physical and chemical properties
| Physical state | White cryst. powder |
|---|---|
| Colour | no data available |
| Odour | no data available |
| Melting point/ freezing point | 212\u00b0C(lit.) |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 186\u00b0C(lit.) |
| Flammability | Combustible. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | no data available |
| Flash point | 240\u00b0C(lit.) |
| Auto-ignition temperature | no data available |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | no data available |
| Kinematic viscosity | no data available |
| Solubility | In water:2280 g/L (20 \u00baC) |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | -1.7 |
| Vapour pressure | no data available |
| Density and/or relative density | 1.34 |
| Relative vapour density | no data available |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
10.Stability and reactivity
10.1Reactivity
no data available
10.2Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3Possibility of hazardous reactions
no data available
10.4Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5Incompatible materials
no data available
10.6Hazardous decomposition products
no data available
11.Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: no data available
- Inhalation: no data available
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
no data available
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
no data available
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
12.Ecological information
12.1Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: no data available
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
12.2Persistence and degradability
no data available
12.3Bioaccumulative potential
no data available
12.4Mobility in soil
no data available
12.5Other adverse effects
no data available
13.Disposal considerations
13.1Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information
14.1UN Number
| ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. | IMDG: Not dangerous goods. | IATA: Not dangerous goods. |
14.2UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: unknown |
| IMDG: unknown |
| IATA: unknown |
14.3Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. | IMDG: Not dangerous goods. | IATA: Not dangerous goods. |
14.4Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. | IMDG: Not dangerous goods. | IATA: Not dangerous goods. |
14.5Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: no | IMDG: no | IATA: no |
14.6Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
no data available
15.Regulatory information
15.1Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Guanidine hydrochloride | Guanidine hydrochloride | 50-01-1 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Not Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
16.Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Aug 11, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 11, 2017 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS – The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB – Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC – International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal – The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG – Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA – European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
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